RTFM: Linux, DevOps, and system administration

Kustomize: managing Kubernetes manifests – an overview, and examples
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15 January 2023

Kustomize is a configuration management tool for Kubernetes that allows you to use common sets of manifests that can be changed for each specific environment/cluster, and can be an alternative to (or complement) Helm templates. The general concept of Kustomize is “where, what, and how”: “where” is a base manifest, for example deployment.yaml “what” –… Read More »

BASH: using functions, with examples
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15 January 2023

This a translation of a post from 2013 with some edits, but still relevant for learning BASH. In fact, a function in bash is a regular variable, but with more features. The main use is when the same code needs to be used several times and/or in different related scripts. Declaring and calling a function The… Read More »

BASH: using loops – for, while, until, with examples
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15 January 2023

This a translation of a post from 2013 with some edits, but still relevant for learning BASH. Brief description of the difference in the Bash loop types: for– will perform an action as long as there are objects to perform (for example, reading a stream from a stdin, file, or function); while– will perform an… Read More »

Grafana Loki: alerts from Ruler and labels from logs
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7 January 2023

For general information about Grafana Loki, see the Grafana Loki: architecture and running in Kubernetes with AWS S3 storage and boltdb-shipper post. Among other components of the Loki, there is a separate service called ruler that is responsible for working with alerts that can be generated directly from logs. The idea is very simple: create… Read More »

Grafana Loki: architecture and running in Kubernetes with AWS S3 storage and boltdb-shipper
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7 January 2023

The last time I worked with Loki when it was still in Beta, and it looked much simpler then than it does now. In the new project, there is no logging system at all, and since we all love the Grafana stack, we also decided to use Loki for logging. Although to be honest, I… Read More »

Prometheus: Kubernetes endpoints monitoring with blackbox-exporter
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11 December 2022

The blackbox-exporter is an exporter that can monitor various endpoints – URLs on the Internet, your LoadBalancers in AWS, or Services in a Kubernetes cluster, such as MySQL or PostgreSQL databases. Blackbox Exporter can give you HTTP response time statistics, response codes, information on SSL certificates, etc. What are we going to do in this… Read More »

Terraform: modules, Outputs, and Variables
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11 December 2022

Eventually, I got to the modules in Terraform. Namely, I had to figure out how to transfer the values of the variables between two modules. So in this post, the most basic and simple examples of working with modules and their values && outputs. See more in the documentation – Modules. The Root module First, let’s… Read More »

Kubernetes: ServiceAccount from AWS IAM Role for Kubernetes Pod
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11 December 2022

We have Grafana Loki for logs and need to connect an AWS IAM Role with AWS IAM Policy, which gives access to an AWS S3 bucket where Loki’s chunks and indexes will be stored. IAM roles for Kubernetes Pods will work in the same way as IAM roles to EC2 instances: a process inside a… Read More »

Networking: when there is no power – ZTE 4G modem + external antenna
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19 November 2022

What to do when there is no electricity, mobile communication towers are turned off, and you want to watch the outcasts with Ukrainian cats? That’s right – buy yourself a 3/4G modem with an antenna! In addition, the antenna itself does not need power, and the modem can be inserted into an ordinary power bank,… Read More »

Linux: saving laptop’s battery energy
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19 November 2022

This time it became interesting to me – is it possible to somehow save the charge of the laptop battery? Not to say that it discharges quickly, it is enough for 5-6 hours of work, but it will not be too much, especially with the current power outages in Ukraine. Found several utilities, and will… Read More »

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