Имеется домашний ноут, на котором установлена Ubuntu 14 + KDE, диск разбит на LVM-разделы.
Задача: установить Arch Linux, оставить /home
и восстановить dual-boot с Windows.
Диски и разделы:
[root@archiso ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0 7:0 0 365.4M 1 loop /run/archiso/sfs/airootfs
sda 8:0 1 14.6G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 1 476M 0 part /run/archiso/bootmnt
└─sda2 8:2 1 64M 0 part
sdb 8:16 0 596.2G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 2G 0 part
├─sdb2 8:18 0 16G 0 part
├─sdb3 8:19 0 500G 0 part
│ ├─kubuntu_vg-root 254:0 0 30G 0 lvm
│ └─kubuntu_vg-home 254:1 0 470G 0 lvm
└─sdb4 8:20 0 78.2G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
Тут /dev/sdb
— это жесткий диск ноута, sdb3
— LVM разделы с root
и home
Ubuntu, а sdb4
— Windows-раздел.
Установка системы
Форматируем старый root
:
[root@archiso ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/kubuntu_vg/root
mke2fs 1.43.4 (31-Jan-2017)
/dev/kubuntu_vg/root contains a ext4 file system
last mounted on / on Wed Mar 8 15:03:14 2017
Proceed anyway? (y,N) y
Creating filesystem with 7864320 4k blocks and 1966080 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 827fdd05-0506-4056-bdf8-a816b5afc47f
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
Монтируем его:
[root@archiso ~]# mount /dev/kubuntu_vg/root /mnt/
[root@archiso ~]# ls -l /mnt/
total 16
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Mar 8 15:19 lost+found
Устанавливаем систему:
[root@archiso ~]# pacstrap -i /mnt/ base base-devel
==> Creating install root at /mnt/
==> Installing packages to /mnt/
:: Synchronizing package databases...
core
...
Монтируем /home
:
[root@archiso ~]# mount /dev/kubuntu_vg/home /mnt/home/
Создаём /etc/fstab
:
[root@archiso ~]# genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
Проверяем:
[root@archiso ~]# cat /mnt/etc/fstab | grep -v \#
UUID=827fdd05-0506-4056-bdf8-a816b5afc47f / ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered 0 1
UUID=ab23e1d0-73a8-4707-bd7b-9c2d5063aaf9 /home ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered 0 2
Меняем рабочее окружение:
[root@archiso ~]# arch-chroot /mnt
Редактируем /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
, и в HOOKS
добавляем lvm2
– перед filesystem:
[root@archiso /]# cat /etc/mkinitcpio.conf | grep lvm2
# No raid, lvm2, or encrypted root is needed.
# This setup loads an lvm2 volume group on a usb device.
HOOKS="base udev block lvm2 filesystems"
HOOKS="base udev autodetect modconf block lvm2 filesystems keyboard fsck"
Создаём init
-образ:
[root@archiso /]# mkinitcpio -p linux
==> Building image from preset: /etc/mkinitcpio.d/linux.preset: 'default'
-> -k /boot/vmlinuz-linux -c /etc/mkinitcpio.conf -g /boot/initramfs-linux.img
==> Starting build: 4.9.11-1-ARCH
-> Running build hook: [base]
...
Устанавливаем загрузчик:
[root@archiso /]# pacman -S grub-bios
Ещё раз проверяем разделы:
[root@archiso /]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
loop0 7:0 0 365.4M 1 loop
sda 8:0 1 14.6G 0 disk
|-sda1 8:1 1 476M 0 part
`-sda2 8:2 1 64M 0 part
sdb 8:16 0 596.2G 0 disk
|-sdb1 8:17 0 2G 0 part
|-sdb2 8:18 0 16G 0 part
|-sdb3 8:19 0 500G 0 part
| |-kubuntu_vg-root 254:0 0 30G 0 lvm /
| `-kubuntu_vg-home 254:1 0 470G 0 lvm /home
`-sdb4 8:20 0 78.2G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
sdb
— диск ноутбука.
Устанавливаем на него загрузчик:
[root@archiso /]# grub-install /dev/sdb
Installing for i386-pc platform.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
Installation finished. No error reported.
[root@archiso /]# cp /usr/share/locale/en\@quot/LC_MESSAGES/grub.mo /boot/grub/locale/en.mo
[root@archiso /]# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Generating grub configuration file ...
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-linux
Found initrd image(s) in /boot: initramfs-linux.img
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
Found fallback initrd image(s) in /boot: initramfs-linux-fallback.img
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to device scanning.
done
(WTF? не помню, из-за чего вылазит)
Перезагружаемся:
[root@archiso /]# exit
[root@archiso ~]# reboot
Connection to 10.11.100.159 closed by remote host.
Connection to 10.11.100.159 closed.
Если загрузились 🙂 — то добавляем пользователя:
useradd setevoy
passwd setevoy
Настраиваем сеть, как описано тут>>> или тут>>>.
Подключаемся, проверем /home
:
17:40:20 [setevoy@setevoy-arch-work ~] $ ssh setevoy@10.11.100.161
The authenticity of host '10.11.100.161 (10.11.100.161)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:AnwzWy7rPNp0ORnOCQwg7m6FfgisVTKpSCTRJ0OS+kc.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '10.11.100.161' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
setevoy@10.11.100.161's password:
[setevoy@localhost ~]$ su
Password:
[setevoy@localhost ~]$ ls -l
total 8103700
-rw-rw-r-- 1 setevoy setevoy 0 Nov 15 20:44 0
drwx------ 11 setevoy setevoy 4096 Mar 8 11:56 Backups
drwx------ 5 setevoy setevoy 4096 Jan 16 14:24 Books
drwxrwxr-x 3 setevoy setevoy 4096 Mar 6 2016 Cert
drwxr-xr-x 2 setevoy setevoy 4096 May 15 2016 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 4 setevoy setevoy 4096 Oct 24 19:04 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 15 setevoy setevoy 12288 Feb 13 07:26 Downloads
drwx------ 5 setevoy setevoy 4096 Mar 6 2016 Drivers
drwx------ 38 setevoy setevoy 4096 Mar 8 10:44 Dropbox
...
Всё на месте. Теперь можно продолжать>>> установку Xorg и всего прочего.
P.S. Совсем забыл, что /dev/sdb1
— это был /boot
, а /dev/sdb2
— swap
. Надо обновить grub
и /etc/fstab
.